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UV Science Basics

Why UVA Is Called the 'Aging Ray'

A deep look at the wavelength behind your wrinkles and dark spots.

By the numbers

Up to 80% of UV rays can penetrate cloud cover on an overcast day.

Visible light makes up about 45% of sunlight and can worsen pigmentation in deeper skin tones.
What the evidence shows

Frequently asked questions

How does UV light age and damage skin?

UVB is absorbed by DNA in surface cells, causing direct mutations that can lead to skin cancer. UVA penetrates deeper, generating free radicals that damage DNA, collagen and elastin — producing wrinkles, sagging and dark spots. The damage accumulates over a lifetime, so daily protection pays off.

What does the UV index mean and when should I protect my skin?

The UV Index, from the EPA and WHO, rates the strength of midday UV on a scale from 1–2 (low) to 11+ (extreme). Dermatologists generally advise sun protection whenever it reaches 3 or higher. It appears in most weather apps and rises with sun elevation, altitude and proximity to the equator.

Is visible light bad for skin?

Visible light makes up about 45% of sunlight. Research shows high-energy visible (blue) light can worsen pigmentation and melasma, especially in medium-to-deep skin tones. Tinted sunscreens containing iron oxides help shield against it, which clear sunscreens generally do not.

What people are asking

r/SkincareAddiction: 'Does UV actually come through car windows?'

Sources & citations

  • WHO, 'Global Solar UV Index: A Practical Guide' (World Health Organization, 2002)
  • today.ucsd.edu ↗

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